Inostrancevia alexandri

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Inostrancevia alexandri

Inostrancevia alexandri (after Gebauer 2007 fig.23)


Inostrancevia alexandri was a large Late Permian theriodont ("beast tooth") of the carnivorous, gorgonopsidae ("gorgon face") family from the Dvina Valley in western Russia, dating from ca. 265-252 mya. Inostrancevia was named by the Russian paleontologist Vladimir P. Amalitsky for the Russian geologist Aleksandr Inostrantsev.
Two complete skeletons of Inostrancevia were found by Amalitsky at the end of the 19th century, their craniums 55 and 51 cm. long. These late gorgonopsians had extremely large, saber-like, serrated canine teeth up to 12 cm long, as well as strong incisors, and conical molars, which were only in the upper jaw, the lower jaw lacking molars.
Inostrancevia is the largest known genus of theriodonts found in the Northern Dvina Valley in Russia in the Upper Tatarian, Sokolki assemblage (Efremov amd Vyushkov 1955, Ivakhnenko 2001), contemporary with Late Permian faunal zones in the Karoo Basin of South Africa. Inostrancevia was over 3 meters long, with a skull length of 45-55 cm. Their bodies were slender, with short legs. Their prey probably included the large armored herbivore Scutosaurus.

References:
Amalitzky, V. P. 1922. Diagnoses of the new forms of vertebrates and plants from the upper Permian of North Dvina. Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 16 (6), pp.329–340.

Efremov, I.A. and B.P. Vyushkov 1955. Catalogue of localities of Permian and Triassic terrestrial vertebrates in the territories of the U.S.S.R. Trudy Paleontologicheskiy Instituta 46, pp. 1-185
Gebauer, E.V.I. 2007 . Phylogeny and evolution of the Gorgonopsia with a special reference to the skull and skeleton of GPIT/RE/7113 ('Aelurognathus?' parringtoni) Tübingen: Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen. pp. 1–316.
Ivakhnenko, M. F. 2001 . Tetrapods from the East European Placket—Late Paleozoic Natural Territorial Complex . Proceedings of the Paleontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences 283: 1–200.
Pravoslavlev, P. A. (1927). Gorgonopsidae from the North Dvinsky excavations of V. P. Amalitsky. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad [St Petersburg].


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	Inostrancevia alexandri Inostrancevia alexandri (after Gebauer 2007 fig.23)

	Inostrancevia alexandri was a large Late Permian theriodont ("beast tooth") of the carnivorous, gorgonopsidae ("gorgon face") family from the Dvina Valley in western Russia, dating from ca. 265-252 mya. Inostrancevia was named by the Russian paleontologist Vladimir P. Amalitsky for the Russian geologist Aleksandr Inostrantsev. Two complete skeletons of Inostrancevia were found by Amalitsky at the end of the 19th century, their craniums 55 and 51 cm. long. These late gorgonopsians had extremely large, saber-like, serrated canine teeth up to 12 cm long, as well as strong incisors, and conical molars, which were only in the upper jaw, the lower jaw lacking molars. Inostrancevia is the largest known genus of theriodonts found in the Northern Dvina Valley in Russia in the Upper Tatarian, Sokolki assemblage (Efremov amd Vyushkov 1955, Ivakhnenko 2001), contemporary with Late Permian faunal zones in the Karoo Basin of South Africa. Inostrancevia was over 3 meters long, with a skull length of 45-55 cm. Their bodies were slender, with short legs. Their prey probably included the large armored herbivore Scutosaurus. References: Amalitzky, V. P. 1922. Diagnoses of the new forms of vertebrates and plants from the upper Permian of North Dvina. Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 16 (6), pp.329–340. Efremov, I.A. and B.P. Vyushkov 1955. Catalogue of localities of Permian and Triassic terrestrial vertebrates in the territories of the U.S.S.R. Trudy Paleontologicheskiy Instituta 46, pp. 1-185 Gebauer, E.V.I. 2007 . Phylogeny and evolution of the Gorgonopsia with a special reference to the skull and skeleton of GPIT/RE/7113 ('Aelurognathus?' parringtoni) Tübingen: Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen. pp. 1–316. Ivakhnenko, M. F. 2001 . Tetrapods from the East European Placket—Late Paleozoic Natural Territorial Complex . Proceedings of the Paleontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences 283: 1–200. Pravoslavlev, P. A. (1927). Gorgonopsidae from the North Dvinsky excavations of V. P. Amalitsky. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad [St Petersburg].
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Inostrancevia alexandri

Inostrancevia alexandri (after Gebauer 2007 fig.23)

References:

Gebauer, E.V.I. 2007 . Phylogeny and evolution of the Gorgonopsia with a special reference to the skull and skeleton of GPIT/RE/7113 ('Aelurognathus?' parringtoni) Tübingen: Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen. pp. 1–316.

Ivakhnenko, M. F. 2001 . Tetrapods from the East European Placket—Late Paleozoic Natural Territorial Complex . Proceedings of the Paleontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences 283: 1–200.

Pravoslavlev, P. A. (1927). Gorgonopsidae from the North Dvinsky excavations of V. P. Amalitsky. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad [St Petersburg].

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