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	Mandelstamia maculata, a Late Jurassic ostracod  Late Jurassic ostracod Mandelstamia maculata (fig: spec.HULL531,Nat.HistMus.UK)
	Mandelstamia maculata is a Late Jurassic ostracod (a tiny, shrimp-like animal) found in the North Sea off the coasts of England, Scandanavia, and Russia. The genus Mandelstamia was first found in Ukraine. It belongs to the phylum Arthropoda, the subphyllum Crustacea, the class Ostracoda, and the family Cytheridae.     The species name maculatus "speckled, spotted"  derives from the distinctive pattern of small, equally spaced pits on its shell or test. M. maculata also has a distinctive hinge. As a reliably identified and commonly found ostracod, M. maculata is used as a relatively precise fossil marker for the Late Jurassic Kimmeridgian stage in England, Scandanavia, and other North Sea areas, dating from 157.3-152.1 mya.                                                                References Christianson, O.B. 2011. Ostracod zones and dispersions of Mesozoic Fossils. In Evolutionary Biology of Ostracoda: Its Fundamentals and Applications. (Eds. N. Ikeya, K. Ishizaki, T. Hanai). Elsevier. .
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